Here we present a membraneless Ni−Fe battery by using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide-based gel electrolyte in combination with strongly coupled self-assembled nanostructure composites to address these issues. However, their widespread applications are hindered due to the passivation, hydrogen evolution and self-discharge of electrodes in aqueous electrolyte, which result in rapid decay in both capacity and charge-discharge rate. The aqueous Ni−Fe batteries offer great opportunities for energy storage and conversion devices and systems owing to their ultralong lifetime, high safety and reliability and eco-friendly characteristics.
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